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Primarily acne can be categorized in two categories namely mild to moderate acne and severe acne. These two categories are based on the intensity and effects characterized by acne. Succeeding paragraphs will help you in knowing the exact details of acne. On the basis of age in which acne affects, acne is sub-classified in different classifications such as baby acne, teen acne and adult acne. Acne Vulgaris It is the common type of acne. Normally lesions are the main property of acne vulgaris. Lesions of acne vulgaris normally last for a fortnight or so. However, certain sub-types of acne vulgaris such as nodules and papules may last for months together. Usually acne vulgaris affects adolescents. If it persist for longer duration or occur during adulthood, it may be serious in nature. Not all but certain acne patient’s skin may be seborrhoic (oily) in nature. Acne vulgaris can affect face, back, chest and can even spread on other body parts…..
Appearance of small superficial cysts,Acne pimples, scars, blackheads or comedones are the main characteristics of acne vulgaris. Acne vulgaris primarily affects temples, cheeks, forehead, skin, chest, neck and back. In some cases acne vulgaris may extend over the complete body. However, such cases are very rare.
Incorrect eating habit is considered to be a major cause behind occurrence of acne of all types. Excessive in take of starch, sugar, fatty foods and irregularities in meal timing may attribute to acne trigger. Some researches showed that chronic constipation condition may also lead to appearance of acne vulgaris. The explanation put forward to justify this statement is that if the stools are not passed properly it may lead to toxic surcharging of blood stream which ultimately results in discharge of such toxic through skin. Hence, when these toxics block the pore it increases chances of acne. Devitalized skin condition Unhygienic lifestyle such as excessive in take of coffee, tea, tobacco and alcohol can cause de-vitalization of the skin; as these habits may result in abdominal disorders and general debility and this devitalized skin condition is prone to appearance of acne. Following are the mild to moderate types of acne vulgaris. Whiteheads: This type of acne is characterized by complete blocking of pore. This blocking of pore may be caused due to bacteria, trapping of body oils and dead cells of skin. The blemishes formed by such blocking appear on the skin surface in white color. This type of acne is more common and comparatively more seen than blackhead acne. Blackheads: In this type of acne the pore is not blocked completely. The pore is blocked partially. As the pore is not blocked completely, it allows the substances such as dead cells, body oils and bacteria to drain down to skin surface gradually. There is a widespread misconception that the black color of heads is owing to presence of dirt particles or blocking of pore due to dirt. However, it is not true. The cause behind this black color is interaction of melanin (skin pigment) with the oxygen. Usually, blackheads are stable in nature and takes longer periods for removal. Papules: This type of acne is inflamed in nature. Usually, it gives reddish appearance and is tender in nature. The main characteristic of this type of acne is that the acne does not have head. Squeezing of this type of acne may lead to exacerbation of scars. Pustules: A pustule is identical in nature to that of a whitehead. The main difference between a whitehead and a pustule is that the pustule is inflamed. The main characteristic of pustule is that it surfaces with a red circle and has a yellow or white center. Comedonal Acne: These types of acne lesions are non-inflammatory in nature. Whiteheads, blackheads, papules and pustules are symptoms of this acne. Following are the some of the severe types of acne vulgaris. Nodules: This type of acne is more painful and long lasting in nature. Nodular acne is larger in size and consists of spots. Usually, this type of acne develops under skin surface with hard bumps. Squeezing of nodules acne may lead to severe trauma of the skin and that could result in lesions existing for longer periods. You must consult a dermatologist to find remedies to reduce scarring and swelling of this type of acne. Cysts: Acne cysts are similar to that of nodules. Unlike nodules, cysts are filled with puss. Normally, cysts are of Perioral Dermatitis: Red bumps (papules); yellowish bumps (pustules) are the basic symptoms of this type of acne. Itching is one of the characteristics of this type of acne. This type of acne usually affects facial organs like chin, forehead, eyelids and area around mouth. It is normally localized. The root cause behind appearance of this type acne can be application of facial creams, irritants like benzoil peroxide or even fluorinated toothpaste. Acne Rosacea: One is likely to get confused about the type of acne as Rosacea and acne vulgaris are some what similar in nature. Usually, Rosacea acne is observed in adults above 30 years of age. Usually, rosacea affects the skin of forehead, chin, nose and cheeks. Its appearance can be felt by observing red rashes on the skin. Occurrence of Pimples, blemishes and hard bump are the characteristic of rosacea acne. Like rosacea, blackheads also appear on skin surface. However, blackheads are not related or part of rosacea. Rosacea is found mainly in women. Men sufferers of rosacea are comparatively less. However, severity of rosacea in men is more that than of women. Ignorance towards treatment of rosacea may lead to swollen nose and excessive tissue growth (rhinophyma). If you suspect rosacea or are confused about the exact nature of the acne, it is advisable that you consult a dermatologist. Your physician will be able to diagnose the type of acne and recommend you right line of treatment. More severe acne condition is very rare. However, if one suffers from it, apart from disfiguring aspect it may also have adverse psychological effects. Following are some of the more severe forms of acne. Conglobata: Acne Conglobata is considered to be the most intense form of acne. This type of acne mainly attacks the men. Number of lesions – specifically bigger in size, and widespread blackheads are the main characteristic of this type of acne. At times these larger size lesions are interconnected. If not treated, this may result in scarring that gives disfiguring effects and even damage the skin up-to an extent that it becomes nearly impossible to recover. The main areas affected by this type of acne are back, face, upper arms, chest, thighs and face. This type of acne strikes in people between 18 to 30 years age. This type of acne may prevail for longer periods, some times extending up-to years together. Unfortunately, like other acnes, the basic cause behind occurrence of Coglobata is yet to be ascertained. Truly speaking there is no remedy available for curing this type of acne. However, there are number of medicines, such as isptretinion, available in the market to control this type of acne. You must note that such treatment should be taken for longer periods. Fulminans: Acne fulminans is an abrupt occurrence of acne conglobata. Acne fulminan usually strikes younger people. Ulcerating and cystic acne appearance is the basic symptoms of acne fulminans. This type of acne also has the characteristic of disfiguring scarring. Unlike other acnes, acne fulminans sufferer may experience fever and also joint pains. Treating this type of acne with antibiotics may not prove to be helpful. Some oral steroids and medications like Isotretinoin may help you in reducing severity. Gram-Negative Folliculitis: In fact it is not a type of acne. It is a skin condition led by prolonged anti-biotic medications administered for treating other types of acne. It is a type of bacterial infection. In this condition cysts and pustules are apparent. Fortunately, these types of skin complication cases are very rare. Isotretinoin and some other medicines are effective in controlling gram-negative folliculitis. Pyoderma Faciale: Females, between age group of 20 years and 40 years, are the main sufferers of this type of acne. Normally, this pyoderma faciale acne occurs on the face. Appearance of pustules and nodules are the main characteristic of this type of acne. At times sores developed by this type of acne condition may lead to scarring. It prevails for shorter durations. Medication Induced Acne Certain medications, oral steroids, oral contraceptives etc may aggravate or cause acne. Oral Contraceptives: Many oral contraceptives are known for their proprietary of reducing circulation of globulin of sex hormone binding. This can deteriorate or trigger acne especially in women. Steroids such as Testosterone and Anabolic steroids like Stanozolol, damazol may trigger severe types of acne such as fulminans and conglobata. Apart from the above, there are some other medicines which may trigger or aggravate acne. Experts attribute this to the effects of these medicines on hair follicle or white cells. Medications containing following groups may cause acne in certain people. • Halogen group medicines. E.g. Chlorides, Halothane, Iodides and Bromides Baby Acne There is a myth that acne occurs only in teenagers and some times in adults. However, in fact there have been cases of acne appearance in new born babies. There have been recorded cases where acne was present on the face of baby at the time of birth. Usually, baby acne is mild in nature. Baby acne, also termed to as infantile acne normally affects facial parts like chin, cheeks and forehead. The cases of baby acne are observed more in boys than that of girls. Adult Acne It is a well known fact that the acne affects most adults. As per available statistics about one fourth of adult men population and half of the women population get affected by acne. In fact, you must have seen almost all adults have a zit or couple during their adult life. There is not age limit for occurrence of acne. Acne can affect people of different ages. Acne can lead to social anxiety and depression, whether it occurs in teenage or adults. Like other acne the exact causes of adult acne is a mystery. Some researchers feel that adult acne is result of hormonal imbalance. If hormonal imbalance is the root cause of acne, you must consult a qualified doctor for treating it. Your doctor will recommend you certain medicines that have the proprietary of restoring hormonal levels in the body. There are various methods available for treating adult acne. Most of the treatments, used for treating other types of acne like teen acne, can be beneficial in treating adult acne. Body Acne Body acne is common in both adults and teenagers. Body acne mainly affects areas like back, shoulders, chest and buttocks. Hormonal imbalance and stress are considered as root causes behind occurrence of body acne. There are many other factors which can trigger body acne. It may appear funny but is true that skin fitting clothes can also promote body acne. This has been the major cause of acne in many active women. Tight fitting clothes like Lycra leggings prohibit sweat to evaporate and confine it against skin. This confined sweat interacts with body oils to form a layer that can clog hair follicles. Such clogging leads to appearance of papules, inflamed pustules and whiteheads. Treatment for body acne is identical to that of facial acne. The hard nature of body skin, when compared to facial skin, is main hurdle in faster treatment of body acne. The other drawback of body acne treatment is that persistent rubbing of affected area with clothes makes it more difficult to treat. You can use medications used for facial acne to treat your body acne. Personal hygiene like washing affected areas properly plays great role in early relief from body acne. Remember body acne treatment may take longer periods. Do not get discouraged or discontinue treatment. Though like other acne body acne is not curable still it is controllable. Acne in pregnant women Acne can be a cause of depression and social anxiety in pregnant women. Treating acne in pregnant women requires utmost care and caution, as certain medications may have adverse implications on the unborn baby. Your physician will decide line of acne treatment, use of topical bactericides or oral medications, after studying your medical history and type of acne lesions or scars. You should avoid treating your acne with over-the-counter medicines, especially if you are pregnant. It is advisable to consult a dermatologist, who in consultation with your obstetrician will determine the line of treatment. 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